Congenital Heart Surgery
What is a congenital cardiovascular defect ?
Congenital means inborn or existing at birth. Among the terms you may hear are congenital heart defect, congenital heart disease and congenital cardiovascular disease. The word “defect” is more accurate than “disease.” A congenital cardiovascular defect occurs when the heart or blood vessels near the heart don’t develop normally before birth.
What causes congenital cardiovascular defects ?
Heredity sometimes plays a role in congenital cardiovascular defects. More than one child in a family may have a congenital cardiovascular defect, but this rarely occurs. Certain conditions affecting multiple organs, such as Down’s syndrome, can involve the heart, too. Some prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines, as well as alcohol and “street” drugs, may increase the risk of having a baby with a heart defect. Researchers are studying other factors…
What are the types of congenital defects ?
The following defects are described in this section : -
> Aortic stenosis (AS)
> Atrial septal defect (ASD)
> Atrioventricular (A-V) canal defect
> Bicuspid aortic valve
> Coarctation of the aorta (”Coarct”)
> Ebstein’s anomaly
> Eisenmenger’s complex
> Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
> Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
> Pulmonary atresia
> Pulmonary stenosis (PS)
> Subaortic stenosis
> Tetralogy of Fallot
> Total anomalous pulmonary venous (P-V) connection
> Transposition of the great arteries
> Tricuspid atresia
> Truncus arteriosus
> Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Congenital heart defect corrective surgeries
Definition
Congenital heart defect corrective surgeries fix or treat heart defects that a child is born with. A baby born with heart defects has congenital heart disease. Surgery is needed if the defects are dangerous to the child’s health or well-being.
Description
The surgeries described below are done to correct many different heart defects in children. For more information about risks, how to prepare for surgery, and descriptions of open-heart and closed-heart surgery techniques…
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) ligation : -
Before birth, there is a natural blood vessel between the aorta (the main artery to the body) and the pulmonary artery (the main artery to the lungs) called the ductus arteriosus. This opening usually closes shortly after birth. A PDA occurs when this opening fails to close…
Coarctation of the aorta repair : -
Coarctation of the aorta occurs when a part of the aorta has a very narrow section, like in an hourglass timer. To repair this defect, an incision is usually made on the left side of the chest, between the ribs…
Atrial septal defect (ASD) repair : -
The atrial septum is the wall between the left and right atria (upper chambers) of the heart. There is a natural opening before birth that usually closes on its own when a baby is born. When the flap does not close, the child has an ASD…
Ventricular septal defect (VSD) repair : -
The ventricular septum is the wall between the left and right ventricles (lower chambers) of the heart. A hole in the ventricular septum is called a VSD…
Tetralogy of Fallot repair : -
Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect that usually includes 4 defects in the heart.
Open-heart surgery is needed, and it is often done when the child is between 6 months and 2 years of age…
Transposition of the great vessels repair : -
In a normal heart, the aorta comes from the left side of the heart, and the pulmonary artery comes from the right side. Transposition of the great vessels is when these arteries come from the opposite sides of the heart…
Truncus arteriosus repair : -
Truncus arteriosus is a rare condition that occurs when the aorta, coronary arteries, and the pulmonary artery all come out of one common trunk. This is a very complex defect, and it requires complex open-heart surgery to repair it…
Tricuspid atresia repair :-
The tricuspid valve is the valve between the upper and lower chambers on the right side of the heart. Tricuspid atresia occurs when this valve is missing. To get to the lungs, blood must cross an atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), or a patent ductus artery (PDA). (These conditions are described above.) This severely restricts blood flow to the lungs…
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return (TAPVR) correction : -
TAPVR occurs when the pulmonary veins bring oxygen-rich blood from the lungs back to the right side of the heart, instead of to the left side of the heart, where it should be…
Hypoplastic left heart repair : -
This is a very severe heart defect that results from a severely underdeveloped left heart. If it is not treated, it causes death in most babies who are born with it. Operations to treat this defect are done at specialized medical centers. Usually surgery corrects this defect. A series of 3 heart operations is usually needed…
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My Heart Life Heart Health Fitness Aortic Valve, Cardiovascular Defects, Coarctation Of The Aorta, Congenital Cardiovascular Disease, Congenital Defects, Congenital Heart Defect, Congenital Heart Disease, Congenital Heart Surgery, Ebstein, Heart Defects, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Left Heart Syndrome, Patent Ductus Arteriosus Pda, Prescription Drugs, Pulmonary Atresia, Pulmonary Stenosis, Street Drugs, Subaortic Stenosis, Transposition Of The Great Arteries, V Canal
